(MF, Myristicaceae) on Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). By the, second week of February, 2016, both of the denuded, trees recovered, though partially. (1999) based on 15 specimens collected at Periyar, Adults are 7.7–8.5 mm long and light lemon yellow. 2011. I have found Neem Oil to be an effective pest control. Four, overlapping modes of floral presentation in plants pollinated exclusively by beetles (Bilabiate, Brush, Chamber Blossom and Painted Bowl) are described. ZooKeys, 157: 1994. (Myristicaceae) 87. Survey work from 1992-2001 identified 139 species of hispines at the lowland part of La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. (Myristicaceae), in India for the first time. Chunks of Clarias gariepinus (1cm Thick) were soaked in above solution for 24hours. Rearing of the both Callosobruchus species was carried out separately in glass containers at Bacteriology and Natural Pesticide Lab, Department of Botany, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur under the environment conditions of 28 ± 2 °C and 75 ± 5 % RH (Shukla et al. Entomon, 18: 101-102. chrysomelid infestation as in this case is unusual. Research Institute. leads to total defoliation of trees. Proc. This is the first report of a host plant of S. besucheti. ), Chlamisinae (1 sp. The branches of the tree spread in whorls and the leaves are oval or … We Ensure Your Home is Safe. Staines, C.L. Total defoliation of trees due to chrysomelid infestation as in this case is unusual. Chemical Control Apply safe chemical insecticides at recommended doses only if the insect population crosses the ETL. In: Chadha, K.L. Jagdish Reddy The Nematodes:From the Vistas of Climate Change; This topic provides a piece of information on impact of climate change on soil nematodes ), and Cassidinae (18 spp.). the insect fauna associated with tree Bernhardt (2000) has mentioned chrysomelids as pollinators of Myristicaceae. Regional Office for Asia and the Far East FAO. Roberts; Nutmeg and mace contain 7 to 14 percent essential oil, the principal components of which are pinene, camphene, and dipentene.Nutmeg on expression yields about 24 to 30 percent fixed oil called nutmeg butter, or oil of mace, the principal component of which is trimyristin.The oils are used as condiments and carminatives and to scent soaps and perfumes. Specimens turn light greyish when preserved. The elytra are, clothed with short, golden setae. (all Myrsinaceae) and Knema sp. Hispini) (Staines 2011). spices. The tribe Cephaloleiini was the most speciose with 58 species (41.7%) followed by the Chalepini with 55 (39.5%). PowerPoint Presentation: Larval period (5 instars) lasts for 11-17 days, pupal period lasts for 11-13 days and the total life cycle 24-36 days Serious insect pests in young plantations and abundant from December to June Larvae of the pest feed voraciously on tender & partly mature leaves, leaving only the midrib & … Lychee erinose mite. ), Clytrinae (6 spp. The genus belongs to the ''Sphaeronychini'' of the Alticinae. Chamber Blossoms, found in magnoliids, primitive monocotyledons and in some families of woody eudicots, exploit the greatest diversity of beetle pollinators. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and. Centers of diversity for species with specialized, beetle-pollinated systems are distributed through the wet tropics (centers for Brush and Chamber Blossoms) to warm temperate-Mediterranean zones (centers for Painted Bowls and a few Bilabiate flowers). According to Cruickshank (1973), the nutmeg tree has no serious insect pest in Grenada and just a few diseases of varying significance. of Spices Research, Calicut, provided literature. Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) is an insect pest found in stored products. mentioned chrysomelids as pollinators of (eds). nov. New records for nine other species, a check list and key to Bornean Notosacantha are given. The, antenna is thin and long, and reaches the middle of, the elytra. (Rice weevil)—one of the major insect pests of stored food grains especially of cereals and their products contribute significantly to the physical, nutritional and quality deterioration of food grains. In contrast, generalist flowers pollinated by a combination of beetles and other animals are recorded in 22 families. Attract pollinators and insect predators: Grow nectar-rich flowers such as clovers, mints, asters, and coneflowers to attract both insect pollinators and beneficial insect predators. and the National Pusa Collection, Indian All content in this area was uploaded by K. D. Prathapan on Mar 03, 2018, originated in the Moluccas islands of the Malay, Archipelago, is an introduced crop in India. Documentation of Lamiinae from southern India. Palode, Kerala, 1683 p. Reddy, D.B. Abstract and white scale (Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) are important. Nutmeg Cultivation Information Guide. 1994. Information on pest symptoms and pest damage in spices (pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, cinnamon, nutmeg, clove, mint), chilli pepper, onion and garlic is presented. Insect pest or crucifers 1. Description and Illustrated Key to genera and species. House flies are known carriers of pathogens such as anthrax, tuberculoses and other poisons. (eds) New Horizons in Insect Science: Towards Sustainable Pest Management. Learn more about your crops in our library, Learn about ways to keep your crops healthy, Sunken spots with yellow halo on foliage; center of spots dry out and drop from plant resulting in holes in the leaves (shot hole), Fungus causes two different types of thread blight; the first type appears as fine white hyphae which aggregate to form threads arranged in a fan shape along the underside of leaves; the second type of blight is known as horsehair blight and appears as silk-like black threads which form an irregular network on stems and leaves, Fungi survive on dried leaves; disease emergence is favored by heavy shading of plants, Circular bore holes on nut shells where adult has emerged; kernel destroyed by tunneling or completely hollowed out; adult is a small (3-5 mm) long beetle which is a mottled dark brown in color; larvae are small yellow-white grubs grubs, Cocoa weevils are potentially devastating post-harvest pests; larvae bore into the kernels to feed and pupate; adults bore an exit hole after pupation and emerge from the kernel, Links will be auto-linked. Total defoliation of trees due to Adults of Sastroides besucheti Medvedev on host plant, nutmeg, in India. Heavily-fed leaves dried up completely and, Journal of Tropical Agriculture 54 (1) : 87-89, 2016. leaves and thus appeared to have dried up. This insect gets its name from six toothlike projections located on the adult beetle on each side of the thorax just behind the head. A single insect can cause between 3 and 5% weight loss in a cowpea seed. sp., are described and illustrated from the canopy of a lowland Atlantic rainforest in Costa Rica. The black scale infests tender stems and leaves especially in the nursery and sometimes on young plants in the field. plants. 1977. I use the concentrate in a 1 gallon pump sprayer, that way I can vary the mixture to target a particular pest. Several stored products including coffee, arecanut, cocoa, nutmeg, cassava, etc. This beetle feeds on most grains and cereal products, … This is the first report of a host plant. Of the 16 nutmeg trees in the study area, four, females (two each five and seven years old) were, and two of these trees shed all the leaves. None of the species is new to science, but some. Chrysomelidae. 787–. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. Srinivasan. patson on August 14, 2018: thanks this info is helpful in the male. a pest of nutmeg,Myristica fragransHoutt. 2. The leaf beetle, Sastroides besuchetiMedvedev (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae), is reported as Devasahayam and Chaboo C. S., Kansas University, radiation of beetle-pollinated angiosperms. Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. It's an effective organic control, nice citrus smell and leaves rose leafs with a nice shine. Bernhardt (2000) has Insect Pest. New records of insect and mite pests of spice. Efficacy trial of Inespalm (Deltamethrin 0.5% + Excipients Q.S.P. (Myristicaceae) are new host plants for Notosacantha. At Nutmeg Inspections, we believe nothing is more important than the safety of the homes we raise our families in. Insect - Insect - Damage to growing crops: Insects are responsible for two major kinds of damage to growing crops. Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. The key for the proper insect pest management is to understand their biology and behavior, the kinds of damage they produce, and application of proper integrated pest management in order to achieve a crop production system that optimizes the use of natural resources, protects the environment, and maximizes output in a sustainable way. New records of insect and mite pests of spice rainforest canopy in Costa Rica. Loopers insect pest information, including description distribution, damage, and control options. PESTS of CINNAMON,CLOVE & NUTMEG - authorSTREAM Presentation. Bangkok (Thailand). ), Eumolpinae (6 spp. Hispines (Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae) of La Selva Biological Station, Costa. Additions to the insect fauna associated with tree spices. Research on Chrysomelidae 3. This is the first report of a host plant Additions to, (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) from the. Entomol. 1. Insect Pests of Cowpeas L E N Jackai, and and R A Daoust Annual Review of Entomology Pest Management in Rice K Kiritani Annual Review of Entomology Insect Pests of Beans in Africa: Their Ecology and Management T. Abate and J. K. O. Ampofo The larvae damage the ripening berries of coffee in storage and adults make circular holes on emergence. Welcome to Nutmeg Inspections. (Myristicaceae), originated in the Moluccas islands of the Malay. Abstract The leaf beetle, Sastroides besuchetiMedvedev (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae), is reported as a pest of nutmeg,Myristica fragransHoutt. in life with slightly dark apical antennomeres. In India, nutmeg is cultivated in the southern states of, Karnataka and Kerala and the Andaman and Nicobar, Islands in an area of about 18, 730 hectares with a. total production of 12, 730 tons (Spices Board, Reddy (1977) listed 19 species of insect pests on, nutmeg in Asia and the Pacific, of which 15 occur, in Malaysia. However, one of them showed signs of gradual recovery by, putting forth new buds in October, 2015. These were smoke-dried and allowed to condition in the laboratory for two days before introducing the insect pest, Dermestes Maculatus. However, no immature. Into each bin is suspended a bottle with carbon disulphide (CS2) to keep away any insect pest (photographs 24 a,b,c). Connecticut's #1 Source for Inspections. In drought years, etiella is a major problem in dryland crops. PKD’s work on leaf beetles is funded by the Indian, Council of Agricultural Research through the, Network Project on Insect Systematics. Five new species of Notosacantha are described from Borneo (Sabah): N. flaviventris Borowiec and Takizawa sp. Host plants and seasonal occurrence have been mentioned. Leaf surface n-alkanes of Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng as short-range attractants for its insect... Checklist of Leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Bhilai-Durg. Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR), Bengaluru 2015. In Nigeria, a major pest of stored grain legume including cowpea is C. maculatus. stage was observed in the soil in the root zone. Central Research Station – Matale Central Research Station, Matale. It is probable that one or more, and Hawkeswood (1995), who reviewed the host, plants of the Chrysomelidae of the world, do not, include any member of Myristicaceae amongst the, host plants of the leaf beetle family. Department of Export Agriculture, Matale 21300, Sri Lanka. Sitophilus oryzaeL. Etiella larvae are able to reach the pods in dry soil and damaged pods are … the collections of the National Bureau of, Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR), Bengaluru. The adult beetle is small with a humped body outline and long legs. Remove and squash: Gather up fallen leaves from trees with scab diseases. Massive infestation, India, Insect pest, Leaf beetle, New record. nov. and N. ovoidea Borowiec and Świętojańska sp. G.R. Journal of Spices Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. Chamber Blossoms and Painted Bowls are the two most common modes. HQS & UPCS Inspections. In: Chakravarthy A. Myristicaceae. nov., N. obscuricornis Borowiec and Takizawa sp. Controlling insect infestation in storage units generally relies on the use of fumigants and residual contact insecticides. Russian Entomol J., 259–264. They are called the annoying insect. ), Chrysomelinae (4 spp. Voucher specimens of S. , Laselva Furth (Galerucinae: Alticini) (Furth, Voucher specimens of S. besucheti are deposited in crops in Andaman Islands, India. Soc. Archipelago, is … ), Alticinae (23 spp. • Many insect pests infect the crucifer crops reducing the productivity and quality of product. Generate information on host plants, behavior, pest status, seasonal occurrence etc. The juvenile stages are unknown. Medvedev (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) is a pest of nutmeg. (Myristicaceae), in India for the first time. Laselva, n. gen, and Laselva triplehorni, n. 2. 2). INSECT PESTS OF CRUCIFER • Cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, radish, mustard etc are major crucifer crops. chrysomelid infestation as in this case is unusual. Tel: +94 66 222 2822, +94 66 223 1249 Fax: +94 66 222 2822 Email: ears_matale@dea.gov.lk/, resesarchmatale@gmail.com 1) Overview All claws are, simple in the female while the anterior ones are bifid. Backhuys Publishers. Chrysomelids, reported on Myristicaceae after Jolivet and. 1993. and Rethinam, Malhotra Publishing House. Zootaxa, 3608 (3): 161–177. Safety Begins with Compliance . (1980) reviewed its cultivation and uses. major spices and condiments in Asia and the Pacific. Plant associations are known for 88 (63.3%) of the species but many of these are merely collecting records, not host plant associations. However, the listed problems are: recent synonymisations have been indicated. Painted Bowls are restricted to petaloid monocots and a few families of eudicots dependent primarily on hairy species of Scarabaeidae as pollen vectors. Chrysomelidae of the world: An Essay about the, relationships between the leaf-beetles and their food-. Devasahayam, S. and Koya, K.M.A. Cheilocostus speciosus ( J. Koenig) C. D. Specht, Globba sessiliflora Sims and Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith are reported as additional host plants. The floras of Australia and western North America suggest that mutualistic interactions between beetles and flowers has been a continuous and labile trend in angiosperms with novel interactions evolving through the Tertiary. Malabar Botanical Garden & Institute for Plant Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Spices Boar, Medvedev (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae), is reported as, Houtt. So far, no information was available on the biology, introduced plant, it is most likely that the beetle has, occurs, is represented by five native species in three, (Nayar et al., 2014). infesting ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in southern India is described and illustrated. Lychee erinose mite (Aceria litchii) is a serious pest of lychee foliage, flowers and fruit.Control can be achieved with a strict program of suitable miticides. While the majority of species are represented by magnoliids and basal monocotyledons specialized, beetle-pollinated systems have evolved independently in 14 families of eudicotyldons and six families of petaloid monocots. Insect pests are responsible for crop wastage, storage losses and tree damage causing significant economic losses all over the world. ), Galerucinae (15 spp. New Delhi, pp. Arthropods comprise most of the known animal species and about 800,000 of the 900,000 or so species of arthropods are insects. Feeding symptoms left by adults on the leaves of nutmeg. This topic provides information about role of Entomopathogenic fungi in insect pest management. Taxonomy and Morphology on Alticini (flea beetles) and Elateridae (click beetles), Chaeridiona mayuri n. sp. Journal of. Farmers have not reported about pest and diseases in their nutmeg plants. The others include Crustacean, Arachnida, Chilopoda, and Diploda.Insects are characterized by several easily recognized traits that set them apart from any other group of organisms. and Aromatic Crops, 3: 164-166. Leiden, 281 p. production, composition and uses. nov. (also described from Sumatra), N. flavosuturata Świętojańska and Takizawa sp. Additions to Bernhardt (2000) has, Myristicaceae. Habit, References to the best descriptions and illustrations, Distribution in the world, State wise distribution in the Western Ghats, Nativity (Endemic, Indigenous, Exotic), Conservation Status (IUCN categories 2012, Red Data Book of, Indian Plants 1987-1990), Phenology, Uses, Local names in six languages and other important details. Hence it may, be assumed that eggs are laid in soil and the larva is, a soil dweller that feeds on the roots, as in a common, life cycle of Galerucinae. The insect biology, habits, ecology, alternative host plants, natural enemies of the pests and several pest control practices are dealt with. 2007) and Sceloenopla Chevrolat (Cassidinae: Each Species with: ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication. A key to the species of Indian, A survey of the chrysomelid fauna of Bhilai-Durg (Central India) revealed a total of 95 species, belonging to the subfamilies Criocerinae (10 spp. Separate chapters on storage pests, mites and nematodes are also included. nov., N. minuta Świętojańska and Takizawa sp. 1993. The fauna is most closely related to that in South America but with some genera which are more speciose in the Nearctic Region. Gray in color the house fly can grow from a hatchling to an adult in less than seven days. Alibabaie M., Safaralizadeh M. (2015) Fumigant Toxicity of Nutmeg Seed Essential Oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Plant, (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) from, Borneo, with a key to the Bornean species and new, faunistic data. Massive infestation Adults fed on both, abaxial and adaxial sides of the leaves by scraping, the green matter and produced characteristic scars, (Fig. of S. besucheti. vegetation, except the large trees retained for shade. Among the scale insects infesting nutmeg, the black scale (Saissetia nigra Nietn.) http://, Devasahayam, S. and Koya, K.M.A. Nutmeg, Myristica fragrans, is a tropical evergreen tree in the family Myristicaceae grown for its seeds which are used as spices.The nutmeg tree has natural conical shape with a grey-brown trunk and dark green glossy leaves. Veenakumari, K., Mohanraj, P. and Ranganath, H.R. This small insect is about 1/10 inch long, slender, flat, and dark red or brown. ), Cryptocephalinae (8 spp. Insect Pests of Spices and Condiments Insect Pests of Stored Products Polyphagous Pests Rodents as Pests Keywords Chewing insect, Sucking insect, minor pest, Major pest, Distribution, Nature of damage, Life history, Management strategy, Chemical control, Biological control, Mechanical control, Preventive method, Curative method 2 Area and production of spices in. Joseph. Nutmeg, Myristica fragransHoutt. Effective control could be achieved if insecticide is applied at 45 and 70 days after planting. Myrsinaceae and Myristicaceae are new host plant families for tortoise beetles and Ardisia elliptica Thunb., Ardisia sp., Embelia sp., Gironiema sp. ), Hispinae (4 spp. No immature stage, of the beetle was observed on shoots. The insects were repelled by the treated fish for about 3days before they could bore into it and establish. Damage. Common control mechanisms include use of synthetic chemical agents to repel or kill the insect pests which are found To control this pest, it is necessary to develop safe alternatives to replace hazardous fumigants. This, is a mixed plantation of nutmeg, clove and black, pepper raised after clearing the forest of all. Pests of Spice Crops. Chaeridiona pseudometallica Basu is redescribed and illustrated. 3. Although the term nutmeg is used very loosely to cover fruit, seed or kernel, the spice nutmeg for commerce is solely the dried seed kernel, and the spice mace is the dried and cured aril. It is unlikely that beetles were the first pollinators of angiosperms but specialized, beetlepollinated flowers must have evolved by the midlate Cretaceous to join pre-existing guilds of beetlepollinated gymnosperms. the collections of the National Bureau of Pests, diseases and nematodes of. All rights reserved. The house fly feeds on dead animals, rodents fecal matter and is a very common insect. Tag: nutmeg Pest And Disease. Farmers (किसान) All Products (सभी उत्पाद) Seeds (बीज) Fertilizers (खाद्य) Growth Promoters (ग्रोथ प्रोमोटर) A literature review of 34 families of flowering plants containing at least one species pollinated primarily by beetles is presented. Nutmeg is a profitable crop in India as, it is generally free of serious pest infestations and, insect species have been recorded as pests on this, exotic tree spice in India (Devasahayam and Koya, All of them are bugs (one Heteroptera and eight, Sternorrhyncha) and none of these sap feeding, insects are serious pests of the crop. The infestations and attack by C. maculatus affects the aesthetic and nutritional quality of the seed as well as reduces seed weight 5.